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send back to the battery pack. The Chrysler Pacifica Hybrid is planned to be available in the second half of 2016.The gasoline version of the new Pacifica features the Pentastar V-6 engine, which was significantly upgraded in 2015 and mated to the fuel-efficient TorqueFlite nine-speed automatic transmission. Pentastar enhancements such as two-step variable valve lift (VVL) and innovative weight reduction strategies were developed to improve efficiency and provide greater customer satisfaction. The engine, originally launched on the Jeep Grand Cherokee in 2010, now powers almost six million vehicles. The new Chrysler Pacifica underwent more than 400 hours of wind tunnel testing and achieves a 0.300 co-efficient of drag (Cd). The vehicle’s aerodynamic performance contributes to its fuel efficiency and is the result of a wide range of enhancements, including an active shutter system and aero optimization of the windshield angle, mirrors, front end, sill claddings, placement of belly pans and windshield wipers. In addition, the Chrysler Pacifica is nearly 250 pounds lighter than its predecessor. This result has been achieved through a strategic use of aluminium and advanced, hot-stamped/high-strength steels; the application of lightweight structural adhesives, where necessary; and an intense focus on mass optimization. The gasoline version of the minivan has earned a highway-cycle fuel-economy rating of 28 miles per gallon (mpg) from the EPA – a 12 per cent improvement over the vehicle it replaces.And when the broader environmental impact of the Pacifica’s fuel consumption is examined, the Pacifica is nine per cent greener than the outgoing vehicle. The nine-per cent differential is a reflection of Global Warming Potential (GWP), which considers the environmental impact of fuel production and delivery, along with the implications of its consumption. FCA engineers used industry-standard software to calculate and compare the all-new Pacifica’s GWP with that of the outgoing vehicle, over 200,000 km (124,274 miles) of operation.In addition to the electric, hybrid and conventional technology, FCA invests heavily in natural gas and biofuel solutions that are aligned with the fuels available in the various markets, and that reduce vehicle emissions. FCA has been Europe’s leading producer of Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) natural gas vehicles for more than 15 years and offers a wide range of eco-friendly, bi-fuel (natural gas/gasoline) vehicles that meet the needs of private and commercial consumers. In 2015, FCA’s European leadership was reconfirmed, with more than 44,000 natural gas vehicles registered,